Claim Red Flag Indicator Checklist
Use this checklist to document claim red flags, compare statements against evidence, and decide when a file needs peer review or SIU referral. It helps adjusters capture defensible notes before claim disposition.
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Overview
This checklist is designed for adjusters who need a structured way to document claim red flags before a file is paid, denied, or referred for special investigation. It walks through intake consistency, claimant behavior, document integrity, pattern analysis, and the final referral decision so the reviewer can see exactly what was observed and why it mattered.
Use it when a claim contains inconsistencies, unusual urgency, repeated follow-up for payment, unclear relationships between parties, or evidence that does not line up with the reported loss. It is especially useful at first notice of loss, after an interview, or when new records arrive and the story changes. The template helps separate observable facts from speculation, which is important when a file may later be reviewed by SIU, a supervisor, counsel, or an audit team.
Do not use it as a substitute for coverage analysis, medical judgment, or a fraud finding. A red flag is not proof of misconduct, and the checklist should not be used to accuse a claimant without supporting documentation. If the claim is straightforward, well-documented, and internally consistent, the checklist may simply confirm that no escalation is needed. If the file shows multiple red flags, the checklist gives you a defensible record for peer review, supervisor review, or SIU referral.
Standards & compliance context
- This template supports general insurance claim governance by documenting facts, inconsistencies, and escalation rationale in a repeatable format.
- It aligns with SIU triage practices by separating observable red flags from conclusions and preserving a review trail for audit purposes.
- Use it alongside your organization’s claim-handling standards, privacy rules, and anti-fraud procedures; it is not a legal determination tool.
- If your workflow touches medical or employment records, handle the information under applicable privacy and records-retention requirements.
- Keep the checklist consistent with company policy and any state insurance fraud reporting or referral requirements that apply to the claim line.
General regulatory context for orientation only — verify current requirements with counsel or the relevant agency before relying on this template for compliance.
What's inside this template
Claim Intake and Loss Narrative
This section matters because the earliest facts often reveal whether the claim story is internally consistent and plausible.
- Loss date, time, and location are consistent across all claim documents
- Reported mechanism of loss is plausible and matches the physical evidence described
- Claimant provided a clear, detailed, and non-evasive statement
- There are unexplained delays between the loss event and claim reporting
- The claim involves unusual urgency, pressure, or repeated follow-up to accelerate payment
Behavioral Red Flags
This section matters because claimant and witness behavior can point to coaching, exaggeration, or reluctance to support the file.
- Claimant or witness was reluctant to provide basic information or documentation
- Statements appear rehearsed, coached, or materially identical across different interviews
- Observed behavior is inconsistent with the reported injury, damage, or claimed limitations
- There are signs of malingering, exaggeration, or symptom magnification
- The claimant has an unusual history of prior claims, prior similar injuries, or repeated loss patterns
Documentation and Evidence Review
This section matters because the claim should be tested against records, photos, metadata, and submission timing before any escalation.
- Required supporting documents are complete and legible
- Medical, repair, or incident records contain inconsistencies with the reported facts
- There are signs of altered, duplicated, or potentially fabricated documents
- Photo, video, or digital evidence supports the reported claim timeline and severity
- Document submission dates and metadata align with the stated sequence of events
Pattern and Exposure Analysis
This section matters because repeated losses, unusual relationships, and coordinated activity often emerge only when the file is compared to prior claims and expected exposure.
- The loss pattern is unusual compared with similar claims or expected exposure
- Multiple losses, repeated repairs, or recurring injuries are present in the claim history
- The claim involves multiple parties, addresses, vehicles, providers, or entities with unclear relationships
- There are indicators of staged, inflated, or coordinated loss activity
- The claim has been referred previously for peer review, SIU review, or similar investigation
Referral Decision and Follow-Up
This section matters because the checklist should end with a clear next step, reviewer sign-off, and a defensible reason for escalation or closure.
- SIU referral is warranted based on documented red flags
- Peer review or supervisor review is recommended before claim disposition
- Primary red flags identified
- Recommended next action
- Reviewer sign-off
How to use this template
- 1. Enter the claim identifiers, loss details, and source documents so the checklist is tied to the correct file and version of the record.
- 2. Review the intake narrative, interview notes, and supporting evidence side by side, then mark any inconsistencies between the reported loss and the documented facts.
- 3. Complete the behavioral, documentation, and pattern sections using only observable facts, timestamps, and record references rather than assumptions or labels.
- 4. Summarize the primary red flags, note whether the file needs peer review or SIU referral, and assign the next action to the appropriate reviewer.
- 5. Save the completed checklist with the claim file and update it whenever new evidence, interviews, or records change the risk picture.
Best practices
- Document the exact inconsistency, not just that something felt off, and cite the source that created the conflict.
- Use neutral language such as 'inconsistent with' or 'not supported by' instead of accusing the claimant of fraud.
- Compare the loss narrative against photos, repair estimates, medical notes, call logs, and submission timestamps before making a referral decision.
- Flag repeated urgency, pressure, or follow-up for payment only when it is unusual for the claim type and supported by the file history.
- Treat prior claims history as a pattern signal, not a standalone reason for escalation, and verify it against internal records.
- Capture who reviewed the file and when, because reviewer sign-off matters when the claim is later audited or challenged.
- If the claim involves multiple parties or entities, map the relationships clearly so coordinated-loss indicators are easy to see.
- Revisit the checklist after new evidence arrives, especially when the story, documents, or claimed severity changes.
What this template typically catches
Issues teams running this template most often surface in practice:
Common use cases
Frequently asked questions
What types of claims is this checklist for?
This template is for first-party and third-party claims where the adjuster needs to record red flags before making a referral decision. It fits property, auto, liability, workers’ compensation, and similar files that rely on statements, documents, and loss history. It is not a coverage determination form and does not replace claim handling procedures or legal review. Use it when the file needs a structured fraud or irregularity screen.
How often should this checklist be used?
Use it at intake and again whenever new facts, documents, or witness statements change the file picture. Many teams run it once at first notice of loss and a second time before reserve changes, payment approval, or denial. If the claim develops slowly, rerun it after each major document upload or interview. The goal is to capture red flags when they first appear, not after the file is closed.
Who should complete the checklist?
The primary adjuster usually completes it, with supervisor or peer review for borderline files. If your process includes SIU triage, the adjuster should document the facts and let a reviewer decide whether referral is warranted. The checklist works best when the person closest to the file records observable facts, not assumptions. Final escalation should follow your company’s claim authority matrix.
Does this checklist replace an SIU referral form?
No. It is a screening and documentation tool that helps justify whether a referral should happen. If your organization already has an SIU intake form, this checklist can feed it with cleaner notes, timestamps, and evidence references. It is most useful when you want a consistent threshold for escalation across adjusters and offices.
What are the most common mistakes when using it?
The biggest mistake is treating suspicion as proof instead of documenting specific, observable discrepancies. Another common issue is leaving out dates, source documents, or why a statement conflicts with the evidence. Teams also miss pattern signals when they only review the current loss and ignore prior claims history. A good checklist entry should show what was observed, where it came from, and why it matters.
Can this be customized for different claim lines?
Yes. You can tailor the wording for auto, property, liability, workers’ compensation, or specialty lines while keeping the same red-flag structure. For example, auto claims may emphasize repair estimates, telematics, and vehicle damage consistency, while workers’ compensation may emphasize medical timing, work restrictions, and witness statements. Keep the sections intact so reviewers can compare files consistently.
How does this support compliance and defensibility?
It creates a documented trail showing that the adjuster reviewed behavioral cues, evidence consistency, and claim patterns before escalating. That supports disciplined claim handling under general insurance governance expectations and helps avoid unsupported accusations. The checklist should stay factual, neutral, and tied to records, photos, interviews, and timestamps. It is a process aid, not a legal conclusion.
Can this be integrated with claim systems or SIU workflows?
Yes. The checklist can be used as a form inside a claim platform, exported to PDF, or linked to SIU intake notes and task queues. Many teams map the primary red flags to a severity score or referral trigger in their workflow system. If you integrate it, keep the evidence fields and reviewer sign-off so the output remains auditable. The template is also easy to pair with document management and photo upload tools.
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